Welcome to our blog the healthidea blog this article based on thyroid disease .So my dear friends today we will know about thyroid disease cause symptoms,treatment &Thyroid type
What is Thyroid?
My dear friens thyroid is a samll, butterfly-shaped gland lacated at the base of the neck,(inferior to the larynx and anterior to the trachea.
Thyroid glands secretes iodine-containing thyroid hormones (thyrosine T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) and calcitonin.
Thyroid hormones regulate body metabolism and growth and calcitonin lowers serum calcium and phosphate
Hypothalmus and pituitary gland control release of thyroid hormone through (Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
Hypothyrodism and hyperthyrodism are two common thyroid disorders.
Work of Thyroid Hormone?
Thyroid hormone play a pivotal role in regulate the body metabolic rate. it influence the speed at which the heart beats,how efficiently the body uses energy,and how it produces proteins .
Beyond metabolism thyroid hormones are important for growth and devlopment sepecially in children
They insure proper devlopment of the brain and nervous system.A deficiency in thyroid hormone during critical periods of devlopment can lead to intellectual disabilities and growth retardation.
1)-Hypothyrodism ?
Hypothrodism is a common condition where the thyroid glands does not release sufficient thyroid hormone into the blood stream
Hypothyrodism is an endocrine disorder in which thyroid glands fails to produce sufficent amount of thyroid hormone
There are three types of Hypothyrodism
1)-Primary hypothyrodism-
Primary Hypothyrodism defined as low levels of blood thyroid hormone reason is destruction of the thyroid gland itself.This hormonal deficiency leads to slowdown
in the body's metabolic processes,resulting in variety of syptoms and health compilacation if is not treated in early stage
2)Secondary Hypothyrodism-
Secondary Hypothyrodism,pituitray glands fails to secrete thyroid stimulating hormone. thyroid stimulating hormone is crucial for stimulating the thyroid hormone , when the pituitary gland does not release enough amount of TSH, the thyroid glands not produce enough thyroid hormoone,leading to hypothyrodism
CAUSE OF SECONDARY HYPOTHYRODISM ?
1-Pituitary tumors
2-Pituitary Surgery or Radiation
3-Sheehan's Syndrome
4-TRaumatic brain enjury
5-hypothylamic disorder
Tertiary Hypothyrodism ?
Tertiary hypothyrodism occurs when dysfuction in the hypothalamus, is a part of brain that regulates the pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus produces thyrotropin-releasing hormone ,which stimulates the pituitary gland to produce thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
TSH in turn, stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormone (t4 and t3 )
In teritary hypothyrodism , hypothalmus does not produce enough TRH, leading to insufficient TSH and consequently low levels of thyroid hormone.
Diagnosis?
Hypothyrodism is normally diagnosed through blood test that measure levels of (TSH) and T4 .
Increase TSH and low T4 levels indicate hypothyrodism
Cause of Tertiary Hypithyrodism?
1)-Hypothalamic Tumors
2)Trauma
3)Radiation Treatment
4)Infections......etc
Symptoms and signs of hypothyrodism?
Depending upon on the age at onset of disorder, the clinical manifestation (symptoms)of hypothyrodism divide into two form
1- Devlopment of severe thyrodism during infancy and childhood
2-Adulthood hypoythrodism
3- Tiredness and weakness
4- Weight gain and poor appetite
5-Increased fatigue
6-Hair loss dry skin
7-chills convulsions
8-Increased blood pressure ans cholesterol
9-Anxiety depression
10-Goiter Enlargnent of the thyroid glands
11-feeling cold
12-Puffy face HANDS AND FEET
13-Cosntipation
2)-Hyperthyrodism?
Hyperthyrodism is overactive thyroid, it happens when thyroid glands produces and releases excess thyroid hormone ,Graves, disease another autoimmune disorder is the most common cause
Symptoms of Hyperthyrodism?
1)Anxiety, Nervousness
2)weight loss
3)Goiter
4)Fatigue
5)Weakness
6)Muscle weakness and tremors
7)Heat intolrence and sweating
8)Diarrhea
if left untreated, it can lead to serous complications
Diagnosis ?
1)Blood tests-Diagnosis hyperthyrodism involves blood test show low TSH and high T4 and T3 Levels
2) Ultrasound and rad
Impact of Thyroid Disorders?
My dear friends if you are sufring thyroid disorder are feels any type symptoms pls visit your health care provider beacuse thyroid disorder not only impact on physical health but also impact your mental health & quality of life
Physical health- Hypothyrodism lead to weight gain ,fatigue and cardiovascular issues and Hyperthyrodism can cause weight loss heart problem
Mental Health - Hypothyrodism is associated with depression and Hyperthyrodism can cause anxiety, and sleep disturbances.
Quality of life - Living with thyroid disorder often required lifelong manegment some patient require regular medical monitoring and treatment can impact quality of life
Other thyroid condition
Thyrid Nodules
Thyroid nodules are lumps that form within the thyroid gland.while most are benign, some can be cancerous.
Thyrois Cancer
Thyroid cancer, is rare but most common endocrine cancer.
Types include papillary, follicular Medullary and anaplastic thyroid cancer
Treatment involves - surgery,radioactive iodine therapy,and some cases chemotherapy....etc
Prevention of thyroid ?
Prevention of thyroid disorder may be challenging because some factor like genetics are beyond control but some steps you can take to support thyroid health/
Balanced diet
Iodine is essential for thyroid function, cooked your food with add iodised salt
Seafood,and dairy products are good source.
Eat healthy foods, avoid junk foods
Avoid soy intake as it alters the hormone production
Avoid smoking
Toxins released during smoking can make the thyroid gland over sensitive
Avoid smoking, smoking increasing Graves orbitopathy
Stress-
Stress is major constributors cause many health disorder including thyroid disease.
Treatment of thyroid disorder?
1)-Non-Pharmacological managment of thyroid disorder
2)Radioactive therapy
3)Surgery
4)Pharmacological Managment of Thyroid disorder
1) Non-Pharmacological Managment of thyroid disorder
a)Non pharmacologgical managment of Myxoedema coma involves use of warm blanket and mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure.
b)Maintain graves orbitopathy
-maintain eutthyroid(the state of having normal thyroid gland function
stop smoking(smoking increses risk of graves orbitopathi)
avoid high focus light laying with head elevated
apply artificial tears and simple eye ointment at night
2)Radio active iodine therapy
radio active iodine therapy is used to treat thyrotoxicosis(hyper thyroid)this tratment damages the cells of thyroid gland preventing it from making high lavels of thyroid harmones
this threapy is preferred for
toxic multi nodular goitra
patient with recurrent thyrotoxicosis following surgery are when surgery is refused or contraindicated
patient with contraindications anti thyroid agents
patiet who faield to acheive normal thyroid harmon lavels with anti thyroid agents
3)surgery?
thyroid ectomy is the surgicle removel of the hyper secreting thyroid gland this will stop synthesis and release of thyroid harmons permanently
4)medicinal management of thyroid disorders
following drugs are prescribed
A)inhibitor of harmon synthesis
-carbimazole
-methimazole
-propylthiourcial
-inhibitter of harmons release
-iodides na-k
-organic iodides
-radio active iodine
-ionicinhibitors
-theocynates
-perchlorates
-nitrats