Welcome to our blog today we discuss about heart attack beacuse in this period heart attack leading cause of death worldwide so today we are know about heart attack cause symptoms,Dignosis & treatment
What is heart attack ?
Heart attack also known as(Myocardial infraction)Heart attack is irrevocable death of heart muscles reason of cause lack of oxygen for a extended period of time
Heart attack is a medical emergency because your heart muscles begins to die because it isnt getting enough blood flow. This is caused by blocage in the arteries that supply blood to your heart
What Causes Heart Attacks ?
The most common cause heart attack is the ruputure of an atherosclerosis plaque(a combination of fat cholesterol and other substances) on an artery supplying heart muscle.if the blood flow isn't restored quickly the section of heart muscle begins to die
Sevral factors contribute to this process;
1-High blood pressure (hypertension)-
It is a condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls to high.Over time, high blood pressure can damage arteries making them more susceptible to plaque buildup.
2-High Cholesterol-
Low density cholesterol (LDL) is very bad to our health because low density cholesterol can lead to the formation of plaque in the arteries.
3-Smoking
Smoking is very bad to our overall health exess smoking lead to respiration releated disease & tobacco smoke contains chemical that damage blood vessel and heart tissues, contribute to the formation of plaque.
4-Lifestyle
For this period of time many people live sedentary lifestyle ,lack of physical activity , no exersise can lead to obesity and other condition that increase the risk of heart disease
5- Junk foods
Eating to much junk foods can leads to many health releted issue like obesity fatty liver week digestion ...etc
Junk foods high in saturated fats ; trans fats,and cholesterol can contribute to plaque buildup
6-Stress
Chronic stress may damage arteries and worsen other risk factor
7-Hyperlipidemia
Hyperlipidemia is a condition in which there are high levels of fat particles in the blood include cholesterol and triglycerides.These substances can deposit in blood vessel walls and restrict blood flow.This create creates a risk of heart attack
Symptoms of Heart attack/Clinical Manifestation of Heart attack?
>Chest pain/chest discomfort
>Dyspnea
>Fatigue
>Increased sweating,weakness,nausea,vomiting,light headedness, palpitation, anxiety, sleeplessness, hypertension....etc
Prevention a proactive approach of heart attack
Heart attack prevention making lifestyle & diet change managing medical conditions. Here are some effective plan:
1-Healthy Diet:
Eat fruits vegetables & whole grain:
Fruits & vegetables rich in protein and minrals & fiber they are help to improve digestion reduce heart disease risk
whole grain provide fiber and nutrients that help regulate blood pressure and heart health
Avoid junk foods :
Avoid or reduce junk foods because junk foods full with saturated fats and trans fats
2-Exercise:
Minumum physical activity at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorus activity each week not only cardio include muscle-strenghthening activities on two or more days a week is important
Maintain a healthy weight;
Balance calorie intake with physical activity, seek suport your trainer and health care provider to know about weigh loss strstegies if needed
Do yoga
3-Adopt Dash:
Dash means (Dietary Approaches to stop Hypertension) eating plan:Diet rich in fruits vegetables with low fat dairy products with a reduced content of saturated & trans fats
4-Control Dibetes:
High blood sugar can damage blood vessel and increase the risk of devloping coronoray artery disease
5-Stop tobacco,smoking & alcohol
6-Manage Stress:
Practice relaxation techniques such as meditation deep breathing or yoga
If you high stress then seeks the professional help
7- Monitor your bp & sugar level:
control your bp,Sugar & cholesterol level through medication and lifestyle changes
Diagnosis-
Heart attack is often diagnosesd in an emergency time, if you have heart attack your your health care provider will take iimmediate steps to treat your condition
Diagnosis of heart attack checking bloood pressure,temperature and pulse
Tests are diagnosis a heart attack include-
1-Electrocardiogram
2-Blood tests
3-Chest xray
4-Echocardiogram
5-Coronary catheterization (angiogram)
6-Ct or Mri
Treatment:Manegment of heart attack ?
If a heart attack occurs prompt treatment is critical. here what you need to know
Non-Pharmacological Management of heart attack (Myocardial infraction)e
Keeping up a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle includes a healthy diet physical activity control stress, avoid smoking , keeping a healthy weight , obesity, manage your blood pressure & blood sugar level ...etc
Pharmacological Management of Heart attack ?
1)Vasodilators (dilate arteries and veins ):Nitrodilators:eg-Glycerol trinitrate.
2)Ace inhibitors :Captopril, Enalapril,Ramipril
3)Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBS):Losartan,Candesartan,Telmisartan.
4)Cardiac Depressant drugs (reduce heart rate and contractility ):BETA BLOCKER E.G- Metoprolol,Atenolol
5)Anti-thrombotics(prevent thrombus formation ):Anticogulants eg-Rivaroxaban,Dabigatran
6)Anticogulant agents-Unfractionated heparin, Low-molecular-weight heparin.
•Angioplasty & Stenting -
Angioplasty and Stenting is the procedure to open blocked arteries and insert a stent to keep them open
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery- Creating a bypass
around blocked arteries using a vessel from another part of the body
Conclusion -
Heart attack (Myocardial infractions )are a serious medical conditions but they are preventable & treatable if adopting a healthy lifestyle understand the causes and recognised the symptoms can reduce the risk.
Regular checkup and seek medical healthcare provider are important to maintaining the heart health & preventing heart attack
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